The analytical technique of mass spectrometry has a broad range of uses that include, for example, identifying unknown compounds within a material, measuring the amount of a known material that is present in a sample, and measuring changes in sample composition in...
HPR60 Molecular beam mass spectrometry (MBMS) is used for quantitative gas analysis of reactive species and intermediates formed in various processes. Gas phase intermediates are sampled from reaction chambers using a differentially-pumped inlet, which forms a...
Successful engineering of a thin film structure through semi-modern manufacturing techniques was first reported as early as the 1800s. Oil-sealed vacuum pumps were used to sputter a component substrate with nebulized sample material, forming an extremely functional...
The field of Nanotechnology encompasses applications in the research and development of matter at the molecular, macromolecular, or atomic scale – with dimensions in the order of 1-100 nanometers. At this scale materials exhibit different quantum mechanical properties...
Fermentation is a biologically active process that metabolizes organic products in a controlled environment. Industrial fermentation typically takes place in a sealed bioreactor comprising multiple components, including air and reagent gas inlets, a mechanical...
